Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi 2008 , Vol 51 , Num 4
Vaccine adjuvants
Kadriye Yurdakök1, Tolga İnce2
1Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Pediatri Profesörü
2Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Pediatri Uzmanı
Yurdakök K, İnce T. (Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey). Vaccine adjuvants. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi 2008; 51: 225-239.

The final goal of vaccination is to generate a strong lifelong immunity against infection. Live vaccines have antigenic proliferation capacity, and a single dose usually provides sufficient immunity without requiring an adjuvant. However, killed whole organism or subunit vaccines, especially those containing more purified antigens such as derived by recombinant DNA technologies, are weak antigens and require an adjuvant to enhance immune response. The word “adjuvant” originates from the Latin word adjuvare, meaning to help or aid, defining any substance that acts to accelerate, prolong, or enhance antigenspecific immune responses when used in combination with specific vaccine antigens. The adjuvant concept was first recognized in the 1920s during diphtheria antitoxin production, when antigen specific antibody levels were found to be higher in horses that developed abscess at the inoculation site. In 1926, Glenny and colleagues discovered the adjuvant effects of aluminum salts, and ‘alum adjuvants’ became the only adjuvants used in licensed vaccines worldwide for the next 80 years. However, in the last few decades, the necessity to improve the immunogenicity of the suboptimal vaccines, to develop new vaccines against diseases for which no vaccine yet exists, and to develop vaccines against more challenging emerging pathogens that often cause chronic infections (e.g. HIV, HCV, tuberculosis) together with the need for therapeutic vaccines against cancer and autoimmune disorders have created a need for the development of new and improved vaccine adjuvants. New knowledge on different adjuvants and understanding the mechanisms of adjuvant action are discussed in the present article. Anahtar Kelimeler : aşı, adjuvan.
adjuvant, vaccine.

Copyright © 2016 cshd.org.tr