Given the additional risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection being transmitted in the breast milk of HIV-infected mothers, this review aims to investigate new evidence in the feeding of infants with maternal HIV- 1, which promotes HIV-free child survival. The World Health Organization (WHO) currently recommends that pregnant women in need of treatment should have access to anti-retroviral (ARV) therapy in order to reduce motherto- child transmission of HIV and encourages breastfeeding intervention. Recently, WHO recommended prophylaxis options for women who do not otherwise require therapy if they want to breast-feed their infants. Health authorities should decide as to whether health services will principally counsel and support mothers known to be HIV-infected to either breast-feed and receive ARV interventions or will recommend avoidance of all breastfeeding and support formula milk using local epidemiologic data and socioeconomic and hygienic status. Anahtar Kelimeler : HIV, emzirme, profilaksi, beslenme.