Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) and ventriculoatrial shunt (VAS) operations are frequently used for the treatment of hydrocephalus. We present a case of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ascites that developed after a VPS operation. A one-year-old male patient who had VPS presented with respiratory distress and abdominal distension. Serum Na+ was 119 mEq/L and albumin 1.7 g/ dl. Peritoneal fluid and CSF samples were similar with regard to glucose and protein levels and number of cells. Although peritoneal biopsy and shunt revision surgery had been planned, they were not carried out due to the poor vital status of the patient. Despite receiving supportive treatment, he died on the 8th day of follow-up. When sterile ascites etiology is not clearly demonstrated in cases with VPS and hyponatremia, ascites due to CSF should be considered in the differential diagnosis and VAS should be kept in mind as a treatment mode if the patient’s condition permits.

Keywords: <i>ventriküloperitoneal şant, BOS, asit, hiponatremi.</i>