Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral developmental disorder. It is the most commonly studied and diagnosed psychiatric disorder in children, affecting about 3-5% of children globally, with symptoms starting before seven years of age. It is a health condition involving biologically active substances in the brain. ADHD may affect certain areas of the brain that allow problem solving, planning ahead, understanding others’ actions, and impulse control. A specific cause of ADHD is not yet known. There are, however, a number of factors that may contribute to ADHD, including genetics, diet and social and physical environments. In our study, the injury rates of 116 children with ADHD and of 84 school-aged children composing the control group and their relationship with physical abuse/neglect were examined. While 25% of the children with ADHD diagnosis were exposed to accidents and injuries, this rate was 3.6% among children in the control group. Fifty percent of the children with ADHD diagnosis had an accident and injury history that included road traffic accidents or falling off a bike, while 52% had a history of injuries that suggested neglect and physical abuse, such as a broken arm or burn. The history of recurrent injury in children with ADHD, particularly among boys, leads to suspicion of neglect. In conclusion, ADHD is a diagnosis that increases the rate of accident and injury in childhood. An elaborative investigation of children with ADHD with an injury history, in terms of physical abuse and neglect, may prevent more serious injuries in the future. In addition, it can accelerate activation of family support mechanisms.

Keywords: dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu, ihmal, fiziksel istismar, çocuk.