We determined hospital phobia and infleuncing factors in children between the age of 12 and 72 months. Almost half of 257 participating children suffering from hospital phobia. However being smaller than 36 months and have attended the emergency department in the previous hospital attendence were increasing factors for hospital phobia, parental education levels, talking in regards of hospital at home, playing with medical toys, talking of physician with the children while having examination and rewarding and informing children before injection were decreasing factors.

Keywords: communication, hospital phobia, physician phobia, preschooler, toddler